Latest update February 12th, 2025 8:40 AM
May 08, 2016 News
By Dr Zulfikar Bux
Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine
WHAT IS MENOPAUSE?
I am often bombarded with questions from women who are going through menopause and are confused.
Today, I hope we can address some of these questions and shed some light on this menacing phase of life for women. Menopause is the time in a woman’s life when she stops having monthly periods. At this time, her ovaries stop releasing eggs and stop making the hormones estrogen and progesterone. Menopause usually occurs between the ages of 45 and 55. The average age is 51.
HOW DO I KNOW IF I AM GOING THROUGH MENOPAUSE?
Most women start to wonder about menopause when their periods start to change. If you are going through menopause, you might:
*Have periods more or less often than usual (for example, every five to six weeks instead of every four)
*Have bleeding that lasts for fewer days than before
*Skip 1 or more periods
*Have symptoms of menopause, such as hot flashes (described below)
If your uterus (womb) has been removed, but you still have your ovaries, it might be tough to tell when you are going through menopause. Still, women who do not have a uterus can have menopause symptoms. If your ovaries were removed before the usual age of menopause, you had what doctors call “surgical menopause.” That just means that you went through it early, because your ovaries were removed.
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF MENOPAUSE?
Some women go through menopause without symptoms. But most have one or more of these symptoms:
*Hot flashes – Hot flashes feel like a wave of heat that starts in your chest and face and then moves through your body. Hot flashes usually start happening before you stop having periods.
*Night sweats – When hot flashes happen during sleep, they are called “night sweats.” They can make it hard to get a good night’s sleep.
*Sleep problems – During the transition to menopause, some women have trouble falling or staying asleep. This can happen even if night sweats are not a problem.
*Vaginal dryness – Menopause can cause the vagina and tissues near the vagina to become dry and thin. This can be uncomfortable or make sex painful.
*Depression – During the transition to menopause, some women start having symptoms of depression. That’s especially true for women who have been depressed before. Depression symptoms include:
•Sadness
•Losing interest in doing things
•Sleeping too much or too little
*Trouble concentrating or remembering things – This might be caused by lack of sleep that often happens at menopause, or by the lack of estrogen. Some experts suspect that estrogen is important for good brain function.
SHOULD I SEE A DOCTOR?
If your periods start changing and you are 45 or older, you do not need to see your doctor. But you should see your doctor if you have symptoms that really bother you. For instance, you should see your doctor if you cannot sleep because of night sweats, or if you start to feel sad or blue and don’t seem to enjoy things anymore.
You should also see your doctor if you:
*Have your period more often than every three weeks
*Have very heavy bleeding during your period
*Have spotting between your periods
*Have been through menopause (have gone 12 months without a period) and start bleeding again, even if it’s just a spot of blood
HOW ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF MENOPAUSE TREATED?
Treatments include:
*Hormones (estrogen) – The hormone estrogen is the most effective treatment for menopause symptoms. Women who no longer have a uterus can take estrogen by itself. Women with a uterus must take estrogen with another hormone, called progesterone. Experts think these hormones are effective and safe for many women in their 40s and 50s with symptoms of menopause. If you want to take hormones, ask your doctor if it is an option. You should not take hormones if you have had breast cancer, a heart attack, a stroke, or a blood clot.
*Antidepressants – Antidepressants can ease hot flashes and depression. Even women who are not depressed can take them to help with hot flashes.
*Anti-seizure medicine – One of the medicines used to prevent seizures seems to help some women with hot flashes – even if they do not have seizures.
CAN I DO ANYTHING ON MY OWN TO REDUCE THE SYMPTOMS OF MENOPAUSE?
Yes. There are some steps you can try. But ask your doctor before you take any “natural remedies.” Some natural remedies might not be safe, especially for women who have a history of breast cancer.
WHAT CAN I DO TO PROTECT MY BONES?
You can:
*Take calcium and vitamin D supplements
*Be active (exercise helps keep bones strong)
*Ask your doctor when you should start having bone density tests
If needed, your doctor can prescribe medicines to help keep your bones strong.
Menopause is a challenging time in a woman’s life. Just know that there are options that can help to make these challenges less menacing.
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It is nice to simplify menopause, in good will, but too much simplification backfires. There is an extremely wide array of severe symptoms that menopause encompasses, often most challenging at the outset of perimenopause, when it is in “Camouflage”. Initially menopause can mimic any, and every disease entity, stemming from brain hormone imbalance, where ignorance of the symptoms nature adds insult to the injury of their occurrence. Nausea, vomiting, bloating, itching, tingling, palpitations, joint pains, headaches, head burning, gripes and cramps, numbness, memory lapses, short temper, pelvic -floor dysfunction, incontinence issues, restlessness, abnormal gait, sweating, tear -shedding, spittle production, hiccups, choking episodes, severe fatigue, stupor, pains- frequently excruciating, reaching to repeated howling, seizures and gasps like in my rare case, could be encompassed. It is also crucial to know that menopause duration is variable, from only few years, to more than thirteen years like in my case, so far.
An indispensable strategy for combatting menopause, is a healthy diet rich in nutritional factors and plant estrogen sources, an active lifestyle, and evasion of unhealthy habits. The cornerstone of treatment remains HRTS, yet they are the MOST RISKY, and threatening to our health after menopause. Antidepressants, which also have their drawbacks, are less effective. Acupuncture is questionable.
On that basis- already abbreviated, a woman is the owner of her decision and consequences. Let me here dare say, if a woman can be a heroine to bear menopause, her ailment might turn her healer- through hot flashes, as I have experienced, after eternity!!
Dr Hana Fayyad